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Managing Piedmont Forests To Reduce Losses From the Littleleaf Disease – Southern Pine Beetle Complex

R.P. Belanger – Principal Silviculturist, USDA Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, Athens, GA,
R.L. Hedden – Forest Entomologist, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, and
F.H. Tainter – Forest Pathologist, Clemson University, Clemson, SC.

Integrated Pest Management Handbook, USDA, Forest Service, Agriculture Handbook No. 649, March 1986.

In 1980, the Forest Service and the Cooperative State Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture initiated the Integrated Pest Management Research, Development, and Applications Program for Bark Beetles of Southern Pines. This research/applications effort concentrates on pine bark beetles and associated tree diseases in the South. This is one in a series of Integrated Pest Management handbooks.

Contents

Acknowledgments
 
Introduction
 
Recognizing Symptoms
  Littleleaf Disease
  Southern Pine Beetle
 
Littleleaf Disease-Southern Pine Beetle Interactions
 
Evaluating Potential Problems
  Littleleaf Disease
  Southern Pine Beetle
    Determining Spot Occurrence (risk)
    Predicting Spot Growth (hazard)
    Estimating Potential Loss
 
Preventive Cultural Treatments
  Stand Establishment
  Intermediate Cuttings
    Frequency and Intensity of Thinning
    Other Considerations
  Final Harvest Cuts
 
Summary
 
Literature Cited

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