Managing Piedmont Forests To Reduce Losses From the Littleleaf Disease – Southern Pine Beetle Complex

R.P. Belanger – Principal Silviculturist, USDA Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, Athens, GA,
R.L. Hedden – Forest Entomologist, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, and
F.H. Tainter – Forest Pathologist, Clemson University, Clemson, SC.

Integrated Pest Management Handbook, USDA, Forest Service, Agriculture Handbook No. 649, March 1986.

In 1980, the Forest Service and the Cooperative State Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture initiated the Integrated Pest Management Research, Development, and Applications Program for Bark Beetles of Southern Pines. This research/applications effort concentrates on pine bark beetles and associated tree diseases in the South. This is one in a series of Integrated Pest Management handbooks.

Literature Cited

Anderson, R.L.; Mistretta, P.A. Management strategies for reducing losses caused by fusiform rust, annosus root rot, and littleleaf disease. Agric. Handb. 597. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture; 1982. 30 p.

Belanger, R. P.; Malac, B.F. Silviculture can reduce losses from the southern pine beetle. Agric. Handb.576. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture; 1980. 17 p.

Berry, C.R. Subsoiling and sewage sludge aid loblolly pine establishment on adverse sites. Reclamation and Regeneration Research 3:301-311; 1984.

Billings, R.F.; Doggett, C. An aerial observer's guide to recognizing and reporting southern pine beetle spots. Agric. Handb. 560. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture; 1980. 15 p.

Billings, R.F.; pase, H.A., III. A field guide for ground checking southern pine beetle spots. Agric. Handb. 558. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture; 1979. 19 p.

Billings, R.F.; Ward, J.D. How to conduct a southern pine beetle aerial detection survey. Tex. For. Serv. Circ. 267. College Station, TX: Texas Forest Service; 1984. 19 p.

Campbell, W.A.; Copeland, O.L. Littleleaf disease of shortleaf and loblolly pine. Circ. 940. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture; 1954. 41 p.

Karpinski, C., Jr.; Hedden, R.L.; Belanger, R.P.; Price, T.S. Guidelines for managing pine bark beetles in Georgia. GFC Publ. 235-1. Macon, GA: Georgia Forestry Commission; 1984. 59 p.

Society of American Foresters. Choices in silviculture for American forests. Washington, DC: Society of American Foresters; 1981. 80 p.

Thatcher, R.C.; Connor, M.D. Identification and biology of southern pine bark beetles. Agric. Handb. 634. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Agriculture; 1985. 14 p.

Walker, L.C.; Wiant, H.V., Jr. Silviculture of shortleaf pine. Bull. 9. Nacogdoches, TX: Stephen F. Austin State University, School of Forestry; 1966. 60 p.

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