Distinguishing Immatures of Insect Associates of Southern Pine Bark Beetles

Southern Pine Beetle Handbook

United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Cooperative State Research Service, Southern Pine Beetle Handbook, Agriculture Handbook No. 641. October 1985.

Literature Cited and Other References

Finger, C. K.; Goyer, R. A. Description of the final instar larvae of selected parasites of Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann with a key to the adults, La. Acad. Sci. 41:48-56; 1978.

Goyer, R. A.; Lenhard, G. J.; Nebeker, T. E.; Jarrard, L. D. How to identify common insect associates of the southern pine beetle. Agric. Handb. 560 Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Agriculture; 1980. 19p.

Kline, L. N.; Rudinsky, J. A. Predators and parasites of the Douglas-fir beetle: description and identification of the immature states. Oreg. State Tech. Bull. 79. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University; 1964, 32 p.

McAlpine, J. F.; Peterson, B. V.; Shewell, G.E.; Teskey, H. J.; Vockeroth, J. R.; Wood, D. M., eds. Manual of nearctic Diptera. Volume 1. Apric. Canada Monograph No. 27; 1981. 674 p.

Moser, J. D.; Thatcher, R. C.; Pickard, L. S. Relative abundance of southern pine beetle associates in east Texas. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 64:72-77; 1971.

Nebeker, T.E. How to interpret radiographs to bark samples from beetle-infested pines. Agric. Handb. 577. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Agriculture; 1981. 14 p.

Teskey, H. J. Diptera larvae associated with trees in North America, Memoirs Entomol. Soc. Canada, 100:1-53; 1976.

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