Identification and Biology of Southern Pine Bark Beetles

R.C. Thatcher – Program Manager, USDA Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, Integrated Pest Management Program, and
M.D. Connor – Entomologist, USDA Forest Service, Southern Region, Forest Pest Management.

Integrated Pest Management Handbook, USDA, Forest Service, Agriculture Handbook No. 634, March 1985.

In 1980, the Forest Service and the Cooperative State Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture initiated the Integrated Pest Management Research, Development, and Applications Program for Bark Beetles of Southern Pines. This research/applications effort concentrates on pine bark beetles and associated tree disease in the South. This is one in a series of Integrated Pest Management handbooks.

Acknowledgements

The authors appreciate the manuscript reviews by Ronald F. Billings, Carl W. Fatzinger, Peter L. Lorio, Jr., Edward P. Merkel, Robert C. Wilkinson, C. Wayne Berisford, Gerard D. Hertel, and Garland N. Mason.

Photographs were kindly provided by Ronald F. Billings, Texas Forest Service; Gerald Lenhard, Louisiana State University; Peter L. Lorio, Jr., Southern Forest Experiment Station; and C. Wayne Berisford, University of Georgia. Richard Kliefoth, formerly associated with the Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Southern Forest Research Institute, was responsible for the artwork in figure 7.

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